It is known, that eyes of the person perceive world around under different corners and already a brain so interprets seen images, that the general picture is represented to us three-dimensional. Not pressing deeply in a scientific jungle, say, that the effect created by stereograms arises due to this feature. In the stereogram the information on the same stage for the right and left eye it is artificial it is coded, and then it is combined with colourfully made out two-dimensional background.

    From the technical point of view the stereogram is any three-dimensional image. However recently under this definition such type of the image which is created by means of the COMPUTER on method SIRDS (Single Image Random Dot Stereograms) is brought. The SIRDS-stereogram is the picture generated by a computer on which the three-dimensional composition is combined with a flat wallpaper so, that the heap of separate segments or points is visible to a naked eye only. In other words, the latent image cannot be noticed, looking at a picture in the usual image. Maurin Clark and Kristofer Tyler were the first who managed to reproduce the similar stereogram in 1979 on platform Apple II.

    Strictly speaking, the 3D-stereogram in its modern understanding is not any revolutionary opening of last years. It is simple one of versions of three-dimensional images, which people from time immemorial aspired to create on a plane by means of accessible means for the certain moment.

    The prototype of SIRDS-stereograms became development of Hungarian scientific Bely Julesa. In 1959 he has found a way of transfer of depth of the image on a flat surface. Then it was made by means of two identical bitmaps, on one of which set of the points representing pseudo-three-dimensional object, was slightly shifted aside. To tell the truth, for normal perception the stereoscope (the plain device similar on the design on the field-glass), Charls Uitston invented still in XIX century all the same was required. The stereoscope was used for viewing so-called stereopairs (set of images of the same object received at shooting from two various points for the left and right eye). At this particular time volumetric a picture have received so mass distribution. Later examining of stereocards has turned to general hobby, and almost for certain many your great-grandfathers and great-grandmothers held at themselves on a table a portable stereoscope. In the middle of XX century. The stereophoto has found the second breath. And if someone from you till now did not see the present 3D-photo it has passed much. Such sensation, that actually immersing in that imagined world which appears to your eyes!

    The further developing of processing technique has resulted in creation of anaglyph - the bicoloured stereoimage received at a seal of two stereoimages atop each other. Similar photos seem to a naked eye out-of-focus, forking, dim pictures, therefore for their viewing special anaglyphs glasses are required, right and which left lenses are painted in green (or dark blue) and red colors accordingly.

    Be relative recently the stereoscopic movie has rushed into our life, and the invention of the laser has allowed to receive holographic images and who knows that waits for us in couple of years …

    However notice, almost all known shape of three-dimensional images demand or presence of extras for viewing (a stereoscope, stereo glasses), or the special equipment for their creation (the stereocamera, the laser machine and so forth). And stereograms differ the democratic character both in relation to the spectator, and in relation to artists. Everything, that it is necessary to have for reception of stereoeffect, - a usual computer and the simple software.

    To tell the truth, the observer not always manages to make out the volumetric composition hidden behind a two-dimensional ornament or chaotically located points (the some, unfortunately, is not given to see at all this miracle of graphic computer art by virtue of features of a structure of eyes or defects of sight). However, after short trainings about 80 % of people all the same are able to penetrate for a plane of a paper sheet or the screen of a computer. The main thing - to relax and observe the certain rules, and eyes necessary camera angle is farther will find. We shall notice, that the variant with a paper nevertheless is more preferable. First, in most cases clearness of the printed picture is higher projected on the screen. Second, utility long sitting opposite to the tube is rather doubtful. Thirdly, stereograms are generated at beforehand certain sanction of the monitor and if at the spectator it appears distinct from initial the desirable effect will not be achieved.

The model of one hidden for a beautiful background of temples of Salt Lake City. Why to not decorate the room with such panel?

    Well and how to be to the one who, much having seen enough on this unique phenomenon, wishes to realize creative potential and to try the forces in business of creation of 3D-stereograms? For this purpose special utilities are intended. Their big part is written for computers Macintosh and uses only for needs of professional collectives of artists. But there is something and for a wide range of were interested, including on a PC-platform, for example programs True 3D, 3D Miracle or Magic Eye. The principle of their work is extremely simple, and on development of similar products hardly there will leave a lot of time. So roll up sleeves and safely start creative process.

    However it is necessary to remember, that quality of result finally depends not so much on a correct choice of the program and a level of its development, how many from process of preconditioning of the stage and a corresponding background. We shall notice, that the first component is the best way for designing in professional 3D-applications, such as 3D Studio Max, or to use available billets in a format *.3ds which can be tried to find on one of the specialized sites, for example on http://www.3dcafe.org/. Thus pay attention to appearance of a three-dimensional model - the algorithm of construction of the stereoimage demands, that she has been executed in a 256-color palette in a mode grayscale. For the best effect it is necessary to think over carefully and a substrate which will carry out a role "curtain". The level of compatibility of these two elements will be reflected in a level of emotional perception of a composition as a whole. By the way, as far as it will be simple the usual person "to solve" the stereogram depends on their correct compatibility also. Thus, it is simple to guess: to reach successes on a field of creation of stereograms, it is necessary to have some knowledge of the fine arts and art of design. The computer here already acts only as a mean of realization of an art plan.

For reception of the best result for each new composition in the program 3D Miracle it is required to mount a unique set of parameters.

    For the 3D-stereograms many a phenomenon, becoming a fruit of developing computer schedules, - no more than the entertaining phenomenon, good means for carrying out of leisure. However from mere curiosity more daring ideas sometimes are born. Today processing technique of reception of three-dimensional images are promptly perfected, and spheres of their potential application constantly extend: helmets of a virtual reality have appeared, the first samples of the three-dimensional monitor, with opening digital means of handing on of video signals not far off mass translation of volumetric telecasts are practically ready. Meanwhile there is a proof sensation of that 3D-stereograms never will lose the urgency. They have simply left sphere of high technologies in the world of high art.

(It is printed in processing, the original variant is accessible to the address www.hardline.ru/8/68/3656)